What must binding change?
Compare a binding or reaction hypothesis and determine which chemical design and assay could test it.
Mechanisms in scope
- Reversible noncovalent binders and modulators
- Cysteine-directed covalent compounds
- Non-cysteine covalent compounds
- Reversible-covalent compounds
- Allosteric, PPI and conformational modulators
- RNA-structure ligands, including rG4
From molecular proposal to candidate evidence
- In BioTwin today · Computational methods cover selected binding, covalent chemistry, allostery and RNA-structure questions. A focused evaluation establishes which methods fit your target and inputs.
- Development and validation · Selected branches have computational studies, calibration results and candidate designs. Each result carries its own comparison and validation scope; biological activity is a separate experimental question.
Choose the experiment that could change the design
Start with the relevant target states and a measurable molecular effect. Compare the most credible binding or reaction hypotheses, then choose chemistry and assays that can distinguish them.
Methods for this investigation
Relevant methods; exact support depends on the target, inputs and scientific route.
- Boltzmann Ensemble Covalent Ligandability · Rank covalent sites by the joint presence of pocket fit, cysteine reactivity and sulfur exposure across a modeled conformational ensemble. Read the method
- Topological Cryptic-Pocket Discovery · Localize candidate cryptic openings with persistent homology, then test access and conformational availability before treating them as binding sites. Read the method
- Programmable Allostery · Search for bounded structural-network perturbations that produce a chosen protein response, then check the proposed change in a forward model. Read the method
- RNA G-Quadruplex Targeting (rG4) · Connect RNA G-quadruplex formation, structural selectivity and concrete ligand-design questions, with evidence kept separate at each stage. Read the method
- Non-Cysteine Covalent Design · Investigate residue and warhead alternatives when cysteine-directed engagement is unsuitable for the target. Read the method
- Ligand-Induced pKa Design and Cation Placement · Investigate local cation placement, pKa shifts and reaction-rate compensation as a target-conditioned covalent-design strategy. Read the method